Biblical Worldview Essay Essay

Introduction The foundation to Christian faith is the belief that mankind is created in the image of God. My major/program of study is psychology. I am wanting to counsel victims of domestic violence. Which can be a very rewarding job because it gives me many opportunities to be able to reach out and help others as well as honor God. The way this belief will affect the way I interact with people in the field of psychology is by showing kindness, trust, patience, and understanding. In this paper I will be giving examples of how I will use my Christian faith with those I will be working with. Example 1 The field of psychology is a very enduring one. It is about helping nurture others in need. From the very beginning of time, we were all created in the image of God (Genesis 1:26-28). By being created in the image of God, who is the healer of all things gives me the ability to help others in their process of healing in the name of Jesus Christ. But it begins with being morally upright and honest. Being a psychologist you must remember that confidentiality and honesty stands above all things when doing your job. The Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct of the APA, states that it is every psychologist’s job to promote accuracy, honesty, and truthfulness in the science, teaching, and practice of psychology. By being morally upright and honest with those that I work with it will show that I honor God and that I am created in the image of God. The scripture Psalm 37:3 states â€Å"Trust in the LORD and do good. Then you will live safely in the land and prosper†. For me this means to be the Christian that I am and to keep my trust and honesty in the Lord when doing all things which includes my duties at work as well as at home. Example 2 In the field of psychology you will interact with lots of different people.  Some of them may have different up-bringing, cultures, beliefs, and etc. One of the most important things for us to remember and practice when working with different people is respect. God tells us that we are to respect everyone, as Christians we must be conscious that God has created all mankind in his image. Apostle Peter states in his first Epistle: â€Å"Show proper respect to everyone: Love the brotherhood. Fear God, Honor the King† (1 Peter 2:17). None of us are perfect. So we should not look for the bad but respect the good in each person. As a Christian I always treat others as I would want to be treated and that is with respect. It doesn’t matter if it is at home, school, work, or etc. I believe that by showing my respect to each and every person I come in contact with shows that I honor God. And, not only that but for me it is rewarding to know that I am respectful to others. So as a counselor in domestic violence I plan on staying steed fast at being respectful and being the hands and feet that God wants me to be in this profession. And, that would be to be kind, caring, understanding, honest, trustworthy, respectful, and faithful to God, myself, my co-workers, and clients. Conclusion In the profession of psychology you need to be honest, trustworthy, and respectful to everyone you come in contact with. It is God’s Law and the laws of APA. As a psychologist I am going to conduct myself in a way that honors God and shows others that I am created in the image of God. Psychology is a very rewarding and life changing profession. By being the person God wants me to be I will be successful in helping other to heal and meet their needs. God commands us to be morally upright with all things and we are to obey his word.

Rubik’s Cube Instructional Speech

In 1974, a twenty-nine year old Hungarian named Erno Rubik was trying to solve a structural design problem. He was working on a model that would help him explain a three-dimensional geometric when he finally ended up creating the famous, colorful cubical form we know as a Rubik’s cube!However, Rubik did not give the cube his name—he called it the â€Å"Magic Cube.† It was renamed the Rubik's Cube by the Ideal Toy Corporation in 1980. Little did Rubik know that his cube would become a sensation around the world with the first world championship held in his native, Budapest, in 1982, with a sixteen year old Vietnamese girl winning the competition, unscrambling the Cube in 22.95 seconds. Solving a Rubik’s Cube requires some study and decision-making.There are a variety of methods used to solve a Rubik’s Cube, but the most popular and the most effective is called the Fridrich method. In the next few minutes, I would like to share with you how to solve t he Rubik’s Cube. As I said before, there are many different algorithms and ways to solve a Rubik’s cube. But the one that I have found to be easiest to understand was the Fridrich Method. Now today, I’m only going to explain how to solve one face of the cube due to the limited amount of time. Start with solving the cross. I like to start with the color white, so I will describe the steps according to starting with the white cross.Each side of the cube has a different color center. The center color determines the color of the side. I chose to start with the white center piece on the bottom and the opposite side yellow piece on the top, simply because that’s the way I learned.1.Look around the cube for white edge pieces, not corner pieces but pieces that outline the cross shape. Move the pieces to the top of the cube around the yellow piece.†¢ Each white piece of the cross will have a color adjacent to it.2.You want to match up the, say white blue piec e to the blue center piece and the white red piece to the red center piece and so on.3.Then you want to make sure the white piece is matched up with the bottom white center piece and flip the from face 180 degrees clockwise.†¢ Do so for every color until you get the all-white cross.4. Now each white piece should still be matched to the same color center piece.5.Next you will solve the corners.†¢The next 2 steps are the hardest to follow but I will try my best to explain clearly.6.Look around the cube for white corner pieces. If you have a white corner piece on the top you have to memorize a move. Up clockwise, to 180 degrees, then right goes right back down. This move can be used on any side.7.Now look at the other color that is adjacent to the white on its side, not top. Match the adjacent color diagonally to its same color by moving only the top layer. Then do the following move: move the right side clockwise, top clockwise, right counter clockwise.8.Do the same steps wi th the other white pieces. It could take a few tries to get it right but keep repeating it until you get it.Now you should have the bottom of the cube solid white and the bottom layer of each side filled with one color.If you’ve ever tried to solve the Rubik’s cube and given up, I encourage you to try it again now using the Fridrich method I began to explain. For further instructions you can visit http://www.wikihow.com/Solve-a-Rubik's-Cube-(Easy-Move-Notation). But first let me warn you; as â€Å"Cubing† infects people of all ages around the globe, there has actually been a name given for those that are obsessed with a Rubik Cube. They are called â€Å"Cubaholics†. Many of real Cubaholics are said to suffer from ‘Rubik's wrist' and ‘Cubist's thumb'! Beware!

Interview with Makeup Artist Sephora Essay

Being a makeup artist requires a lot of hard work, precision, and artistry. It is a job that is challenging, yet rewarding. Meet David. David is a 24 year old makeup artist who currently works as a beauty advisor at Sephora on 42nd and Madison. David was also interested on being on the Sephora Pro Beauty Team, but told me that is a task he is working on and will further take on in the coming time. He spends hours by the day helping clients do a color match, give advice on brands, or doing a Custom Makeup Application, or CMA for short. These applications are done when a customer spends at least $50 on any product in Sephora. The client will sit down with a beauty specialist and have a full face of makeup done. I got the chance to follow David as he worked with different clients, and I also got the chance to ask him a few questions, along with some opinions he threw at me. David is well.. of course, employed by Sephora. During the week, he usually works four days a week from about 12pm to 9pm. He told me that mid shifts are the best, because they are usually the busiest and time goes by quickly without even noticing. For his time and effort, Sephora compensates him with $11. 50 an hour without commission. I found that David is not usually at the location at 42nd and Madison, but is normally located in the Times Square location next to McDonalds on 42nd and 7th. David started working with the company in 2009, making it three years since starting with the company. He got the job, just like any of us would have gone to apply for any other job. He filed out an application along with a resume and hoped for the best. David is very interested in cosmetics, and he told me that he uses all Makeup Forever Products. He likes them because of the ease of application and the natural look that comes with it. The line makes your skin look flawless and makes pictures look amazing. When it comes down to applying makeup to clients, David likes to use Bobbi Brown products, along with a few products from the Makeup Forever collection. Also, I noticed that he uses the Smashbox Primer â€Å"Photo Finish. † It seemed like they were trying to push this product a little bit. They clean the brushes before each application, and they also remove any dirt, oils, or makeup from the face. Make overs do differ from consumer to consumer. A client who is fair skinned has a completely different complexion than someone who may be dark skinned. The products do vary between clients. There was a woman that David was working with who said she was, â€Å"new to makeup† and wanted to learn more about application. David started her off with a tinted moisturizer to see how that felt on her face, judging whether or not she would like more coverage. With most clients, they pushed a lot of the Makeup Forever products, being that it is Sephora’s private brand. They did somewhat of a soft sell, being that they told you the name of the product before they put it on. I did notice they would take a brand new product off of the shelf and place it in front of you. David did this with most of the products he applied to his clients. During my time with David, I did not feel pressured to buy anything. He explained to me where he was applying each product and what it did to the face. For the first time, I had contouring done, and I loved the final look of it. It definitely defined the face and I honestly had no idea it came in a powder. I always figured it came in a liquid. My time with David was up, but I did manage to buy a few products. I bought a Sephora Pro foundation brush, along with the HD Microperfecting Powder. They were items I needed, but thanks to David’s help, I bought them right after my consultation with him. I did also spend the money because I found out how much the powder does make a difference after applying the makeup. It gives the face a matte look and also locks in the makeup to your face. The powder also absorbs oils and stays on all day. We all know that Sephora is a top leader in the retail industry when it comes to makeup, skincare, and cosmetics. According to what I found out from David, and just simply people watching at Sephora for about 2 hours, I feel like a company can make a lot of money if they have in store make overs. Unlike CVS and Duane Reade, where you cannot try the makeup, Sephora gives the client an opportunity to see the product on, live, and how he or she wants to see it. It reduces the chance for returns of a product because of the testing beforehand. Companies can greatly impact a sale if they incorporate this technique into a store. Not only will it give people a place to try new products, it gives the client more of an opportunity to work with an advisor, like David. People need help when they try new things on their own sometimes. So when all comes down to store make overs, they are a total win and a great way to communicate with a client.

City of Constantine Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

City of Constantine - Assignment Example Through the presence of his empress wife Theodora and two generals, namely Belisarius and Narses, Africa and Italy was recovered from Vandals and Ostrogoths respectively. Success was not on his side in the struggle against Persians and avoiding attacks of the Bulgars and Slavs. The greatest achievement of Justinian was the Corpus Juris Civilis, which refers to the codification of Roman law. It was also during Justinian time that many public works took place, and one structure worth mentioning due to its enormous and meticulous construction is the Church of Hagia Sophia. It was designed by the imperial architects of Justinian, Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, and was built from 532 to 537. It was constructed by Constantius II in 360, after the declaration of Byzantium as the capital of the Roman Empire. Hagia Sophia was burned in 404 and was reconstructed in 415 by Theodosius II, but was burned again in 532. It collapsed in 558 due to an earthquake and was rebuilt again i n 563. Constantinople was attacked by the Persians, Arabs, Russians, and Bulgars from 6th to 13th century, and members of the fourth crusade in the succeeding years due to its strategic location in terms of transport and trade among continents.

Website Review of SAAMI Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Website Review of SAAMI - Assignment Example This page also has a number of highlights on key events and activities held by the institution with relation to the usage and management of firearms. In the â€Å"Who we are† link, the website explores the technical committees involved, the legal and legislative aspects, the regulatory affairs, the international and issues related to the United Nations. It also explores the inner issues about SAAMI, as well as its strategic goals, which include increasing its public visibility as experts within the field, publication of pertinent policies and standards about SAAMI, creation of a platform or forum for introducing appropriate new policies and standard and maintenance of technically correct standards relating to performance, terminology, safety and interchangeability. In addition, another strategic goal of the institution is to become the leading institution in the global technical resource, especially in relation to issues pertaining to manufacturers of ammunition and firearms. The mission of this institution is to promulgate and create performance, technical, as well as safety standards governing the commerce in firearms, c omponents, and ammunition. Under the information and specifications, â€Å"info and spec† link, the site explores various issues among them cartridge and chamber drawings, news designs and revisions, SAAMI and ANSI standards, publications, videos, product manuals, glossary, recoil formulae and lead mobility. Each section under this category provides in-depth information and analysis regarding the factor under scrutiny. As such, every new user of firearms gets a great tonnage of information from this site. The â€Å"Member Companies† link explores the different members and independent organization that form part of the company.

Why are big projects often complete late and out of budget Essay

Why are big projects often complete late and out of budget - Essay Example uth Wales Labor Government ran an international competition for a design for a complex including 2 main halls, a restaurant and meeting rooms with 234 architects from 9 countries submitting designs. An extraordinarily ambitious design by Jorn Utzon was initially rejected by an assessment committee, however, respected Finnish architect Eero Saarinon convinced them to change their minds and Utzon was awarded the prize. Before The Opera House, Utzon had won 7 of eight competitions he had entered but not one of his designs was ever built. It was estimated that construction would take 5 years and would cost A$7 million. The â€Å"Opera House Lottery† was born in 1958 as an extra source of funding before construction had begun. The original completion date was set down for 26th January, 1963 (Australia Day) and it didnt reach completion until 1973, 10 years late and the costs had blown out to A$103 million, 14 times over budget. Because of the complexities of his design, Utzon, was aware that technical problems would arise and as advanced technology that was not yet available would be needed to address these problems. He pleaded that he had not yet fully completed the design for the structure and asked for more time to tackle these problems, however his request was denied with the government fearing that funding and public opinion would turn against them and construction began in 1959, two years ahead of Utzons schedule. The lack of preparation had immediate consequences and many structural issues remained unsolved. With unexpected difficulties such as bad weather and the inability to have a suitable avenue for rain water to be diverted along with the fact that appropriate construction drawings had not been drafted, work was already running 47 weeks behind schedule. The roof of the Opera House was to be formed with a series of precast concrete shells and covered with Swedish made white glazed tiles. It was discovered, after the monumental Grand Podium, with its

Ethics and Professionalism in Medicine-Journal Essay

Ethics and Professionalism in Medicine-Journal - Essay Example In addition, when the time arrives to be finally seen to the doctor, the doctor is in sort of a hurry. Professionalism seems to be on the verge of being none at all in such situations. Hence, I posed a question concerning the care of the patient as to why they are neglected. The answer was that the patient is concerned about himself alone while, the doctor and the nurse also have other patients to tend to. This becomes stressful and although they try to balance it in every way there comes a time when it just slips out of their control. Although I didn’t find this explanation helpful, it can be justifiable. Relating another example, Cindy, a nurse was confused as to why a patient was behaving the way he was but instead of stopping and asking, she thought it better to send him for his tests. As she didn’t stop and think the reason behind the patient’s particular behavior; this makes the patient defensive and unwilling in return. There can be several reasons behind verbally abusive patient; it might be the pain, a psychological aspect or it can be the injury itself. It is important for the doctor and nurse to be aware of the patients’ weaknesses. Another aspect of ethics dangling on the borderline, I witnessed was that in some cases, the patient demanded as to why the information about him was given to his family without his consent. Or why he wasn’t aware of the disease he had. There are no steadfast rules regarding that but a viewpoint suggest that the patient has the right to know and to hold out information to anyone he want to. Here, ethics also deal with the coding that is done in order to safeguard a patient’s identity. In the hospital, I saw that coding is better than the conventional system as it gives assurance to the patient. A particular case which stuck in my mind was that a patient was willing to go through a surgery not as yet an area of expertise for the doctor. There were high risks but the patient was adamant. They finally decided

The Dance Theatre of Harlem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Dance Theatre of Harlem - Essay Example In stark contrast you find Return of the Firebird. The somewhat docile mood that is set in this ballet seems to reign supreme throughout the performance. The main drawback being a total lack of enthusiasm by the performers who seem to be actually controlled by the strings of a puppet master rather than their own minds. This garnered a bored feeling as the ballet wore on, seeming to last a lifetime although it was short by many standards. The movements are thoughtful and full of grace, even past the less then perfect planning. One finds themselves staring at the wonderful fluid movements as passion is arisen in the dancer. The supporting members do little to help this master of the dance, but little help is needed. Fall River Legend more than makes up for the loss in Return of the Firebird. The greatly talented staffs of dancers move as one, making the watcher think of a graceful flock of birds evading a predator. The content of these two ballets is no match. The main point of Return of the Firebird seems to be the same old tired love story, terribly overdone in all forms of theatre. When you consider the dark theme that Fall River Legend brings out, you find yourself in a place that few people have gone with the arts. Drawing from the historical data that is available, the writers were able to portray the event

Word Processing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Word Processing - Assignment Example Many people therefore access PCs since they are affordable rather than purchasing the Mac computers. In another case concerning better variety aspects, PCs are available with numerous configurations compared to Mac computers which have less variety because of being limited to only Mac Mini, iMac and Mac Pro (Towers, 32). The PCs have a better broadband support which involves the Internet Service Provider (ISP) compared to Mac machine which do no effectively work with the ISP. On the other hand Mac allows running windows via Boot Camp in a way which is legal as PCs posses a support system which is wide in terms of freeware and ecosystem options. The Internet Service Provider (ISP) such as broad bands has been introduced in relation to PCs and Mac computers usage (Towers, 12). There are many pros and cons in relation to PCs and Mac machines such as computers. In respect to pros of the PCs, compatibility is enhanced since every application; either game or driver will work on windows in context. Another pro of the PCs is that there is enhancement of technical support since there are many users who can offer one help with windows. The cons of the PCs include, the availability of viruses making individuals to buy anti-virus programs although free ones are available (Towers, 18). Another con is that PCs be come slow since their windows require a lot of computer resources such as processor. On the other hand, pros of the Mac computer include, Apple Macs almost having no viruses compared to PCs. One of the cons of the Mac computers is that they are expensive compared to PCs and they are only available on Apple computers. I recommend that one should use the Mac computers since they are more convenient compared to PCs. The PCs are old-fashioned and traditionally based while the Mac computers are the modern ones technologically. When Mac computers are purchased, they are not pre-loaded with trial ware and crapware unlike PCs which need new pre-installed programs.

Competitive Strategy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Competitive Strategy - Assignment Example Most Waitrose stores are located in the upmarket areas of London, enjoying relatively prime areas compared to its competitors; a 1995 survey by Which? Magazine rated Waitrose as the most expensive supermarket chain based on its prime location. The price differences were influenced by its locations, with most of the chains being located at the Home Counties, Southern England, London and South-East England, which are among areas largely populated by middle to high-class customers (Williamson et al 2008, p.190). The business operates with the mission of making all its employees happy and a vision of dealing honestly with a customer to secure their trust in provision of high value services and a wide choice of products. John Lewis partnership largely deals in a wide range of products in addition to food products. The partnership has a good market command in dealing with a variety of merchandise that include household products, electrical gadgets , furnishing products, home based applianc es and devices, a wide range of fruits, beef and chicken products among other daily products, fashion ornaments and raiment, mushrooms among other numerous products (Bloomberg Business Week, 2011). Essentially, John Lewis partnership has something for everyone and strategizes to suit the needs of every customer, a strategy that has worked wonderfully in attracting and retaining its customers and as a critical strategy to the partnership. In addition to the above merchandise, John Lewis Partnership offers a relatively wide range of auxiliary services in insurance packages that range from pet insurance, wedding based insurance packages, travel insurance and life insurance covers to its employees (Rendall & Seth 2011, p.91). According to Finch, John Lewis partnership to achieve this end has elaborate plans to open more stores within and outside the UK market. This would be achieved by taking products as close to the customer as possible, and employing creative approaches that would hav e the partnership identify specific consumer needs and target them as precisely as possible. For instance, one of the strategies undertaken by John Lewis was to have consumers buy term insurance products directly over the internet and phone, with Greenbee, a direct services company being unveiled to undertake this innovation. This is aimed at ensuring customers have the same level of trust and confidence in their level of services as they have in consumer goods and foodstuffs (Money Marketing 2006, p.3). Waitrose, one of the major businesses under John Lewis was not affected by the recent recessions that greatly affected most businesses, but realised more than 11% growth at the same period (Finch, 2011). The impressive record as Finch observed beats John Lewis up market rivals such as Marks and Spencer, with high expectations of growth being projected in the future as the partnership lays its expansion plans to other markets. According to John Lewis Plc (2012, pp.4-5) the Partnershi p’s financial statement shows that its profitability reduced significantly in 2012 compared to 2011. In 2012, the company had an impressive performance with the partnership’s turnover increasing by 6.45% to ?8.73 billion, though the group’s operating profits fell by 8.9% to ?391.0 million. This led to a

Communication, Information and Coordination in Organizations Essay Example for Free

Communication, Information and Coordination in Organizations Essay In speaking of organizations I believe that how organizations communicate is an extremely key factor in success versus failure. The purpose of this paper is to talk about Communication, Information and Coordination, specifically Vertical and Lateral Coordination in organizations. I will reference the four different organizational frames we have learned about as a reference guide to explain how communication is viewed, as well as which types of organizations are best suited to use either a Vertical or Lateral Coordination methodology. When we began the term we laid down a foundation on the different types of frames that an organization can take on. I would like to briefly touch on the four frames and then show how communication is defined in each. The first frame is the Structural Frame, which, â€Å"†¦emphasizes goals, specialized roles, and formal relationships†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Bolman and Deal p. 14) In this frame the organization ultimately uses â€Å"†¦rules, policies, procedures and hierarchies to coordinate diverse activities into a unified strategy. †(Bolman and Deal p. 4) As you can see with the definition above, communication is being done through a system of symbols, signs and or behavior. The organization creates the method for information to be passed and there is an expectation that it will be followed. In the structural frame communication is used to, â€Å"Transmit facts and information. † (Bolman and Deal p. 307) You as an employee are simply taking information from the organization and using it accordingly as well as taking information you receive and passing it along. You as an individual are not analyzing the information, drawing any conclusions altering it, You are simply taking the information given to you and acting on it as given. The second frame is the Human Resource Frame. The Human Resource frame sees the organization, â€Å"†¦much like an extended family, made up of individuals with needs, feelings, prejudices, skills and limitations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Bolman and Deal p. 14) In this frame the organization is made to fit the individuals that work there. The Human Resource Frame uses communication to â€Å"Exchange information, needs and feelings. (Bolman and Deal p. 307) The Human Resource Frame uses the individual as a conduit for information gathering and dispersal and is much more flexible in the delivery of information as opposed to the Structural Frame, which is more rigidly aligned. People are the most valued asset of an organization. The Human Resource Frame seeks to develop the individual employee in the organization rather than making them one step is a core process. The third frame is the Political Frame and sees organizations as â€Å"†¦arenas, contests, or jungles†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Bolman and Deal p. 4) In the Political Frame all people in the organization are in constant competition to get ahead and one way to get ahead is to possess the power of information. In the Political Frame it is who and what you know and who you are willing to share your information with that gets you ahead. With all of the competition involved there is often conflict between those vying for power. The Political Frame sees communication as an opportunity to, â€Å"Influence or manipulate others. † (Bolman and Deal p. 307) As stated previously, Information if a powerful tool. In a Political Frame possessing information and having the ability to communicate that formation is key. The problem with Politics is that often information is used destructively rather than constructively. In an organization influencing and manipulating can and usually is a double edged sword. Finally in the fourth frame is the Symbolic Frame is a more organic frame that is seen organizationally as, â€Å"Tribes, theaters, or carnivals. It abandons assumptions of rationality more prominent in other frames. † (Bolman and Deal p. 5) This frame is not widely used because it is so free flowing and actually quite odd that it does not work well in many cases. However, the Symbolic Frame still address communication as a means to, â€Å"tell stories. † (Bolman and Deal p. 307) Telling stories is a way often used to pass along information. Many cultures use stories to educate the next generation and the stories contain information that is important for the next generations to k now and preserve. In organizations, stories, tales and fables should not be seen as appropriate sources of information. Basically, all the frames acknowledge that communication is an essential part of their make-up. The ability to communicate, whether through rules and procedures, meetings and networks or stories is very important in the day-to-day operations of your organization. I now offer a definition of communication as found in Webster’s Dictionary and I will use the definition to further explain the importance of communication and more specifically the communication of information through a coordinated effort. Webster’s Dictionary defines Communication as: : an act of instance of transmitting 2 a: information communicated b: a verbal or written message 3 a: a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior b: personal rapport 4 a: a system for communicating b: a system of routes for moving troops, supplies, and vehicles c: personnel engaged in communicating 5 a: a technique for expressing ideas effectively b: the technology of the transmission of information. Since the beginning of time man has attempted to communicate and as a result communication has constantly been improved. Thoughts, events and information have been recorded and passed along in some form or another for centuries, so you can see how communication is an essential part of everyday life. Knowing this you have to wonder how do we effectively communicate with each other? The above question has become and will always be a huge topic in society. People spend millions of dollars a year on counseling and learning techniques to better communicate with each other. Many people have capitalized on this quest for better communication skills and have become supposed experts in the field of communicating. You hear everyday how you need to be able to communicate better in your relationships, with your friends, peers and in general with everyone. So I look to the above definition to better clarify what exactly is meant by the various definitions of communication as I interpret them. I will use three of the definitions above and concentrate eon how they tie in with the theme of the paper, which is coordination. 2 a: Information communicated. 3 a: a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs or behavior. Finally, 5 b: The technology of the transmission of information. I chose the above three definitions because they tie into a repetitive theme within communication and that is the passing of information. We have discussed in this class, throughout the term, that information is power and those who have information have a definite advantage. In an organization information is key to success. The organization that is able to establish a free flow of information will always be in a better position to succeed because they are in a position to be able to adapt more quickly in times where change is necessary. I am not suggesting that information always leads to change, because the information you receive could very well be that you need to continue what you are doing without changing. In particular I’d like to look at the second definition I chose which talks about information being exchanged through a common system of symbols, signs or behavior and I’d like to focus on behavior because the way your organization is aligned can ultimately affect your communicative behavior. In chapter three of Reframing Organizations we look see two types of coordination, which determine how information is passed and who processes it. The two types of coordination are Vertical and Lateral. Organizations that operate in stable markets and use a product that has little need for change are best suited for a Vertically coordinated organizational system. Organizations that operate in a turbulent environment and require constant change are best suited for a laterally coordinated organization. I will address both types and give an example of each below. In Vertical Coordination we see that the higher levels of management maintain control of information and regulate communications through establishing clear lines of authority, implementing rules and policies, and putting in place planning and control systems. By establishing authority the hierarchy appoints people such as executives, managers and supervisors to be in charge. This core group of people selected to have authority are, â€Å"†¦officially charged with keeping activities aligned with goals. They control by making decisions, resolving conflicts, solving problems, evaluating performance and output, and distributing rewards and sanctions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Bolman and Deal p. 51) I can use my own situation as an example of this. Working in Law Enforcement I fall under a chain of command. In the chain of command I have been appointed a Sergeant. As a Sergeant I am charged with the tasks explained above. I communicate and pass information and orders to my subordinates. I receive my orders form my Commander, who in turn reports to a Captain and it goes right up the chain until it reaches the Sheriff. Information is communicated vertically through the ranks. Our organization aligned very closely with a Structural Frame Format. Not much emphasis is given to the Human Resource Frame, as the needs of the individual are not as much of a concern over the needs of the organization. The Political Frame is limited because the information is coming from the top and being disseminated down the ranks. Information obtained in Law Enforcement is normally transcribed in report format and given out. Information that is important and not given out could result in legal action. There is no chance for the Symbolic Frame to exist because we do not communicate organically nor are we allowed to report in a story fashion. In our private lives we can tell stories and relay information, however on an organizational level we deal strictly with fact. I derive my Authority from the chain of command and am regulated largely by the Policies and Procedures manual that my organization has constructed. The policies and procedures manual gives detailed instructions how to carry out tasks, how to monitor employees performance and conduct investigations. So in my personal career I can see that my organization is Vertically aligned. Information is communicated up and down the chain of command in clear-cut lines. Lateral communication and withholding information is discouraged and can lead to sever punishment. Although new technology is often introduced, the mission of Law Enforcement stays the same. As a result Law Enforcement uses vertical alignment to get information out as quickly and uniformly as possible. The opposite of the vertical form is the Lateral Form of Coordination. In Lateral Coordination several different methods are used to communicate and pass information. Lateral Coordination involves meetings, task forces, coordinating roles, matrix structures, and network organizations to communicate and pass on information. The above listed structures are more flexible and fluid than that of a rigidly defined Vertically Coordinated organization. I will briefly touch on the different methods used in the laterally coordinated systems. Meetings are described as, â€Å"informal communication and formal meetings form the cornerstone of lateral coordination. † (Bolman and deal p. 53) Formal meetings are the normal way stable organizations go about communicating. Simple meetings can used be used to pass along large chunks of information as well as to address new business. As the organization grows in complexity and size, Task Forces are utilized. Task Forces are formed when, â€Å"†¦problems or opportunities require collaboration of a number of specialties or functions. † (Bolman and deal p. 54) Collaboration requires cooperation and cooperation can only exist when there is communication. A Task Force gets a group of specialized people together to accomplish an organizational goal. Coordinating Roles take the talents of individuals and spread them out to help persuade others to accomplish goals. An individual can monitor several different areas to help tie all componets together to make a finished product. Matrix Structures are used when the organization grows very large and crosses several different sectors of the business world. Matrix Structures are very complex and can add a lot of confusion to your organization, which is why they have been used so sparingly. Finally, Networks are now a very common communicative form in organizations. Networks have always been in existence and have grown in usage since the advent of computer technology. Computer networks have the capability of transmitting almost limitless amounts of information immediately to a large-scale group of people. Computer Networks are now one of the most valuable tools an organization can use to communicate. Since an organization that coordinates laterally is generally one that operates in a turbulent and often changing environment it is easy to see why communication is essential. Information must be gathered, analyzed, processed and disseminated as quickly as possible to ensure that you will be able to keep up. An example of an organization that suffered because it failed to properly communicate and respond is the Digital Corporation. Digital Corporation was a leader in the minicomputer industry, however when the market shifted form minicomputers to PC’s they were too tied up in a non-productive coordination system. As a result they wasted valuable time in making the transition to the new technology. The company began to fail and was subsequently bought out by Compaq computers. The technology field, computers in particular, is changing on a daily basis. If you are not able to communicate the need for change based on the information received form current market trends then you are doomed to failure. Digital is a prime example of this concept. All of the above methods of Lateral Coordination are effective, however as with any system there are weaknesses. You must ensured that your resources are being used appropriately and efficiently in order to successfully maintain a more loosely coordinated method, as seen in the Lateral Coordination methodology. When you are not strict and rigid in your controls you run the risk of giving people too much freedom in their actions. Lateral Strategies are effective, however they must be monitored. In Conclusion, the coordinated communication of information within an organization is a key determinate of success versus failure. An organization, even one in a stable environment, must be fluid when it comes to communication. A lack of communication has been shown to result in the untimely delivery of crucial information and since we have identified that information is power, a lack of information will then render you powerless. By employing sound coordination methodologies and organization can better respond to it’s environment. As the environment changes so must the organization. The best way to know if your environment is changing is by properly gather and processing information form the various areas you deal in. Once processed and analyzed the information must quickly be communicated through the appropriate channels to ensure that necessary changes can be made. A breakdown in any one of these areas can and normally will have devastating effects. Many companies have experienced this firsthand. Coordination, Communication and Information are three keys that an organization must embrace in order to survive.

Foreign pronunciation Essay Example for Free

Foreign pronunciation Essay In his book Foreign Accent: The Ontogeny and Phylogeny of Second Language Phonology, Roy C. writes that first language transfer is very influential and one of the most important components at the beginning stages of foreign language acquisition. (p. 31) At this point the scientist implies learning phonology, which usually takes place at the beginning of the course of a foreign language study. Another researcher, Trubetzkoy, stresses that the perception of the foreign language is filtered through the sieve of a learner’s mother tongue. (From Roy 2001, p. 31) In phonology this filter resultes in producing an accent, which drew the pronunciation of the foreign language near the pronunciation of the mother tongue. The examples can be found in adopting English pronunciation all around the world: â€Å"a French accent may be recognizable from word final stress patterns and uvular /R/; a German accent by the lack of /w/—/v/ distinctions; a Spanish accent by the rhythmic characteristics and lack of vowel reduction; an American accent by the /r/ and marked vowel reduction; and a Japanese accent by the lack of r/—/1/ distinctions. † (From Roy 2001, p. 31) According to Weinreich (1953), there are different types of negative transfer in phonology. The researcher Weinreich proposes to differentiate the following seven types: Sound Substitution. It occurs when a learner uses the nearest equivalent of his/her mother tongue to pronounce a sound of the foreign language. For instance, English sounds /? ? / are usually mispronounced by foreign learners. Spanish learners substitute them with dental /? ?/, French pronounce /s z/ instead of them; Hindi speakers use their retroflex /? ?/ (although Hindi also has similar sounds / ? ?/). Phonological Processes. This concerns all allophones and allophonic processes. For example, German learners of English have a tendency to devoice the final voiced consonants: ha|t| instead of ha|d|, |bik| instead of |big|. English speakers, in their turn, are more likely to use a velarized or dark [l] for final clear [l] in French or Spanish words: eel [il] instead of. il [il] â€Å"he†, 1 [el] instead of el [el] â€Å"he†. Underdifferentiation. It takes place, when a learner misses some differentiations in foreign sounds due to the fact that his/her native language does not have these differentiations. For instance, English has /i/ and /? /, but French learners usually use one /i/ for both; English /? / and /? / can be pronounced as one /? / by a Portuguese speaker. Over-differentiation. This process is opposite to what under-differentiation is. In the case of over-differentiation the native language of a learner contains differentiations, which do not exist in the foreign language. Though, as Weinreich points out, over-differentiation does not lead to some gross phonetic mistakes, â€Å"it results in a different mental representation. † (From Roy 2001, p. 32) To illustrate over-differentiation, Roy C. brings the following examples: â€Å"English /d/ and /? / are separate phonemes whereas in Spanish they are allophones (/d/ [? ] after vowels). An English speaker thinks of the [d] in dia â€Å"day† as a different sound from the [? ] in nada â€Å"nothing, † whereas the Spanish speaker thinks of them as one sound, because they are allophones of the same phoneme. † (From Roy 2001, p. 32) Reinterpretation of Distinctions. It is related with the theory, which divides features into primary and secondary, or distinctive and redundant. For example, in American variant of English the qualitative tense/lax distinction is primary and the quantative is secondary. Native English speaker does not even hear the length of sounds, but the sound |i| in beet and bit will never be confused. In contrast, length in German words is primary and their quality is secondary, as it is seen in bieten [bi:t? n] â€Å"to offer, and † bitten [bit? n] â€Å"to ask†. Consequently, a German learner will think that in English words beet and bit the length is more important that the quality of the vowel. Phonotactic Interference. This process takes place when a learner modifies syllable and word structures in the foreign language in order to fit the patterns in his/her native tongue. For example, Brazilian Portuguese very often pronounce the words ping pong and picnic like pin[gi] pon[gi] and pic[i] nic[i] because the syllables |in| can not be placed at the end of Brazilian words. Prosodic Interference. It takes place, when a learner substitutes prosodic patterns in the foreign language with those of his/her mother tongue, in spite of the fact that the prosodic patterns of the both languages are completely different. Thus, a French student would incorrectly stress the last syllables in English words because in his/her native language all the words have the last syllables stressed. An English student can pronounce Chinese sentences using English intonation patterns. As the book Foreign Accent: The Ontogeny and Phylogeny of Second Language Phonology states, the finding of Weinreich, and all the similar ones, help to predict the areas which will cause difficulty in learning a foreign language. Weinreich’s differentiation of negative transfer types prompted other researches on the same topic. Thus, Moulton (1962) presents error types (from Roy 2001, p. 33), based on the linguistic and socio-linguistic contrasts between English and German. According to Moulton, while learning a foreign pronunciation, students make the following types of errors: phonemic errors phonetic errors allophonic errors distributional errors

Risk Management in Healthcare: Case Study

Risk Management in Healthcare: Case Study Harry C. Abellana Jr. Introduction I am a health care assistant going on duty at North Shore Hospital. It is one of the hospitals under the Waitemata District Health Board. It caters inpatient and outpatient care. It is also equipped to perform surgeries and emergency care. Studying risk management is a very important key in being a manager. This would equip you with the vital skills and mind set to be sensitive to identify the different risks in the work place. You will be able to act quickly and find a solution if ever a problem is faced. All of your clients or patients are your responsibility. Their care is in your hands. Purpose of Risk Management Working at North Shore Hospital is a very eye-opening experience. The hospital caters to everyone and attends to any type of illness. With the vast patients that they are attending, risk is always present. An accident or wrong practice always lurks the corner. I can see that the purpose of risk management is to prevent and control the different risks being faced on a day-to-day basis. Without risk management, there will be chaos in the organisation and this will hinder the staff to do their work. Proper risk management is implemented so that the organisation itself can do their tasks efficiently and effectively. Benefits of Risk Management There are different things that North Shore Hospital is benefiting from their effective risk management. First is a good reputation. They have a good reputation of being one of the best public hospitals under the Waitemata District Health Board. This was achieved through proper planning and execution of their risk management protocols. Another benefit is maximizing the time and skills of the staff. Whenever there is a risk encountered, the staffs already know the steps on how to handle and solve the problem. Another is conserving and saving money. If the risk is attended to or moreover prevented from happening, this would lessen the downtime and resources to be used to control the problem. That is why risk management is truly beneficial at North Shore Hospital. The Different Components of Risk Management Activities and Internal Environment The working culture at North Shore Hospital is a very positive one. Each unit exhibits team work to get the job done. All of the healthcare staff works hand-in-hand to provide the best quality healthcare. The managers make sure that a safe and healthy working environment is maintained. Any misunderstanding should be sorted out immediately. It is the responsibility of the managers to take care of their employees. On the other hand, the employees are responsible for their patients. The nurses and healthcare assistants are the first line of the organisation to take care of the clients. They use both modern technology and trusty hand-written documents to store patient’s information. Computers are mainly used to guide the healthcare providers regarding the medication schedule and as a communication tool. This will lessen the occurrence of medication errors. They use the traditional patient’s chart to jot down objective observations like blood pressure, temperature, respirato ry and heart rate. The organisation has plotted down their policies that would cover all risk possibilities that they may encounter. There are policies from the simplest thing like hand washing techniques up to the complicated things like medication error. They also give importance regarding the confidentiality of the patients. They always remind us that every time you perform basic care to the patients, you should make sure that all the curtains are closed and not to expose the clients. New Zealand is a diversified country. With the continuous influx of migrants, there are a lot of culture, religion and beliefs. The healthcare plan should be sensitive to the rights and beliefs of the patient. The decision of the family is also respected when drafting the care plan for the patient. Objectives The basic objective of the Waitemata District Health Board, in which North Shore Hospital is under this health board, is to provide the best healthcare while respecting patient’s rights. They are committed to become a world-class healthcare facility. The organisation is aiming for a zero fall incident across all departments in all shifts. They are also an advocate to promote a smoke-free environment which should be achieved by the year 2024. They provide health teachings to patients who smoke and provide help and options on how to quit smoking. Proper hygiene, preventing cross contamination, limiting salt intake and recognizing the signs and symptoms of stroke are other objectives that the hospital is trying to disseminate to their patients. Their main objective is to promote a healthy lifestyle. Event Identification One of the risk identification that the hospital is doing is practicing emergency evacuation in case a major catastrophic event happens. They do this announced or unannounced. This is beneficial to remind the group on what to do in time of tragedies to be effective and efficient in evacuating the facility and save lives. Another current event that they are closely monitoring and trying to prevent is the spread of the Ebola virus. It has become a worldwide threat. They are specifically meticulous for those persons with or without signs of feeling sick to inform the organisation if they travelled to Africa or to any known country which has a positive case of the Ebola virus. If a person is suspected to have contracted this disease, they are to isolated for close monitoring and to be provided with the proper treatment. Risk Assessment Reference North Shore Hospital has a very simple yet very effective way to quickly inform the healthcare provider about the case of the patient. Posted on the wall on top or at the side of the patient is a reference chart. The chart consist information like name, age, language spoken, diet and nurse on charge for that shift. The unique thing about the chart is about the probability of the patient having a fall. It is measured by ticking the box if the patient is at high, medium or no risk of falling. There is also a picture of different walking assistive devices in which the proper tool to use is encircled. The picture helps a lot because it gives a clear picture not only by the name of the device. The chart also indicates if the patient is independent, needs supervision or how many persons should accommodate the patient if ever he or she needs assistance. This reference chart simply provides you the do’s and don’ts regarding the care of the patient. Response Plan Every shift always starts with a hand over. This is vital because in this occasion, all the information about the patient is being given. Each patient is unique in terms of providing care. The healthcare team also do rounds to check on the patients. There are times in which a patient needs close monitoring. The nurse cannot do this alone. They call the help of the bureau. This may be internal or external. This procedure will lessen the risk of the patient to incur any incident. They assign a staff to do a one-on-one monitoring of the patient. This may be an additional cost to the organisation but the positive effect always outweighs the monetary impact. This is also a way as a quick response to unexpected shortage of staff. The nurse managers on duty can always count on the bureaus to provide them with the manpower needed for that shift. The allocation of patients to the nurses on duty is also planned out. There are 2 or more nurses assigned in a single room. All the severe cases and patients who has complex care plan are distributed to the nurses. The buddy system works well in the healthcare system because there will be somebody to assist or help you in case a problem occurs. Each room generally consists of four patients. A single room cannot be occupied by all dependent patients. Occasionally there are two independent patients and two who needs close monitoring or supervision. Control Activities North Shore Hospital is equipped with all the modern risk managing devices like fire extinguishers, first aid kits and the likes. The expiry dates are checked regularly to maintain the effectivity of the devices. They also provide call bells to each patient. This will provide the patient easy access to the healthcare providers. The toilets are equipped with this feature. All over the floor there is an emergency bell. This would help alert all the healthcare staff that a major incident occurred. If the patient is not capable of pressing the call bell, they are attached to a monitoring alarm. If the patient gets up from bed, the alarm is triggered to alert the staff on duty that the patient needs help. Not only are the tools or the equipment being used are audited. The plans and protocols are also being updated from time to time. These plans are adjusted according to the flaws, if ever there are any, or new ideas and suggestions coming in that might be beneficial to the recent protocol s; all of the plans and materials being used to control or prevent risks are continuously changing or updating to be more effective it its goals. Information and Communication The hospital has good communication mediums to inform the staff and the general public about the health objectives. They use emails and online communications lines in order to inter act with each department. A paging system is used to announce any information that can be heard all throughout the facility. They also print out and post posters all over the facility. They are the appropriate size and clear. It contains the vital information that they want the people to know. It also contains call back information so that the public will have the chance to call them for questions and clarification. There are also leaflets and hand outs available. This is useful and handy. A patient can take these flyers with them and they can read it in their free time to better grasp the information being handed out. Help desk and information centre is also available. It is manned by a knowledgeable staff in which basic information can be answered right away. Monitoring Being a big hospital, it takes a group effort to maintain or prevent risks from occurring in the organisation. The company delegates to the members of the team the different aspects that need monitoring. They monitor cleanliness, fall incidents, cross contamination, intravenous lines infection and the likes. Each subject is randomly assigned to the members of the healthcare team for monitoring. They post the results of the evaluation at their bulletin board. The hospital makes it into a friendly competition. They commend the best ward for their efforts. This is a good way to motivate the crew to bring out the best performance and to provide the best care possible. Conclusion All organisations involving healthcare, may it be a hospital or a retirement village, has the best intention to their patients. They all have a common goal of taking care of people who lacks the ability to take care of themselves, may it be due to certain illnesses or old age. With the type of clientele that they have, risk is always present. That is why protocols are set to manage these risks. For me, the most important key is how to follow these protocols. They should be followed faithfully and put into practice. The organisation may have the perfect risk management procedures but without proper implementation, all of these would be useless. Recommendation This paper is very interesting. It varies from the typical subjects that were learned when taking the nursing course. It teaches us on what are the consequences if the different risks involved are not managed properly. Risk management should be inculcated to the practice of all employees, from the top management down to the rank and file. All should be responsible for their own actions because by being responsible risks can be prevented. We plan to become leaders and managers in the future. This would involve a lot more responsibilities. Mastering this talent will provide us with the proper knowledge, skill and attitude to become great leaders. Bibliography AOL Plc. (2014). Health Care Risk Management. Retrieved from http://www.aon.com/industry-expertise/healthcare.jsp Waitemata District Health Board (2010-2014). About Waitemata District Health Board. Retrieved from http://www.waitematadhb.govt.nz/AboutUs/AboutWaitemataDistrictHealthBoard.aspx Task Two Case Study Business Risk The most distinctive feature of the pharmacy is the operating hours. It is always open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This would accommodate all potential customers even after the regular office hours. The store is still serving customers when the competition is closed. The size of the store, branding, and investing in the interior furbishing is also appropriate. This prevents congestion inside the pharmacy. The more relaxed the customers are; the better buying experience they will have. The parking slots are a bonus feature especially for those clients with cars who are in a hurry for a quick buy. They would spend the money they have to buy products in the store rather than allocating it to pay for parking. The variety of products being offered also gives customers wider products choices. Location is also suitable to cater the target market. Insurance Risk Running an all hours pharmacy is vulnerable to robbery, fire and medication error. The pharmacy should get an insurance plan to cover these identified risks since the pharmacy is always open. The shop is most at risk during night time in which most common mistakes occur maybe due to fatigue which would hinder the human senses. The pharmacy should also protect their employees in case something happens to them in the work place. They should be accredited to the Accident Compensation Corporation or ACC to free the company from shouldering any extra expenses from unforeseen events. Since the business involves three stakeholders, protecting their investments should also be protected. An investor’s insurance is beneficial when fixing the pharmacy’s assets especially when something goes wrong like a death of an investor or bankruptcy. Compliance Risk You need to comply with different permits in order to run a pharmacy as per New Zealand’s laws. The Licence to Operate should be obtained. The licensing body of New Zealand is the Ministry of Health. The staff should also be qualified and have the NZQA qualifications especially the nurses and the pharmacists. Reference Ministry of Health – Manatu Hauora (2014). Applying for a pharmacy licence. Retrieved from http://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/regulation-health-and-disability-system/medicines-control/pharmacy-licensing/applying-pharmacy-licence Newzealand.govt.nz. Small, medium and large business. Retreived from http://www.acc.co.nz/for-business/small-medium-and-large-business/index.htm 1 | Page

The Lady in Black and the Lovers in The Awakening :: Chopin Awakening Essays

The Lady in Black and the Lovers in The Awakening Kate Chopin's The Awakening is a terrific read and I am hardly able to put it down! I am up to chapter XV and many of the characters are developing in very interesting ways. Edna is unfulfilled as a wife and mother even though she and her husband are financially well off. Her husband, Leonce Pontellier, is a good husband and father but he has only been paying attention to his own interests. At this point he is unaware of the fact that his wife's needs are not being met. Robert and the other characters are equally intriguing but something else has piqued my interest. Some of Chopin's characters are not fully developed. I know that these are important characters because they are representative of specific things; they are metaphoric characters. In particular, I've noticed the lovers and the lady in black. I'm fascinated by the fact that both the lovers and the lady in black are completely oblivious to the rest of the world. They are also in direct contrast with e ach another. For this week's reader response I am taking a different approach. Rather than analyzing the main characters, I will examine the lovers and the lady in black. The lady in black is first mentioned in Chapter I. Mr. Pontellier is surveying the cottages when he notices that a lady in black is walking demurely up and down, with her beads (468). In this example the rosary beads suggest that the lady in black is religious. I believe that this character is a symbol of religion. While everyone else is relaxing, she is busy praying. It is also worth noting that there are several passages which suggest that Edna is rebelling from her religious upbringing. For example, just after we meet the lovers, Edna shares a memory with Madame Ratignolle. She describes herself walking through a meadow as a young girl. She says, "Likely as not it was Sunday... and I was running away from prayers, from the Presbyterian service, read in a spirit of gloom by my father that chills me yet to think of it" (480). Similar to the description of her fathers service, the lady in black is serious and serene.

Short Story Essay -- Papers

Short Story Two paper bags wrestle in the middle of the dusty road; the weary and fading sun beats down on the onlookers, a cloud of smoke rose above them. Old men sit on small tables and played cards outside their family owned shops smiling politely at passers by. Old ladies walk steadily down the street, looking up to the heavens with contempt as it started to rain. An army of umbrellas stand to attention while their owners run as fast as their legs will allow them, down the sidewalk. The raindrops scream down like missiles released from a flying bomber, exploding into a thousand pieces on impact with the floor. The old men at their tables scramble for cover, their cards lay strewn across the playing surface. A man with a cigarette above his right ear and tattoos covering his bare arms bends over and turns up the volume on the stereo on the steps leading up to the front door, as though in a trance the group resting on the stairs all nod their heads to the beat. An attractive woman with swirling brown eyes and runs up the street with her coat over her chocolaty brown flowing hair, but stops in mid-step to turn around, the group, now standing under the door arch to escape the cascading rain, all turn their necks round to look down the bottom of the road. A tall sinister looking man with a hood covering his head rides a bicycle held together with bits of peeling sticky tape down the middle of the flooded road. Suddenly he slams on his rusted brakes and swings the bike round, so he can also look down the road. The b... ... I was allowed to attend my cousin's funeral, even though I was in custody the whole time. But something was said at the funeral, which never left me. Carmella, in all black stood at the front of a group of large, well dressed Italians, all in a sombre mood. She cleared her throat, and with tears streaming down her face, told me a story I will never forget. "In the vast deep blue sea, there was a wave. This wave was a young wave and did not care for much except for cruising through the water. One day, the young wave looked over the heads of the older waves in front and saw them all crashing on the shore. He started to get frightened, until and older wave in front of him turned around and said "I know your trouble young one, you spent so much time being a wave. You forgot your just part of the ocean"". Short Story Essay -- Papers Short Story Two paper bags wrestle in the middle of the dusty road; the weary and fading sun beats down on the onlookers, a cloud of smoke rose above them. Old men sit on small tables and played cards outside their family owned shops smiling politely at passers by. Old ladies walk steadily down the street, looking up to the heavens with contempt as it started to rain. An army of umbrellas stand to attention while their owners run as fast as their legs will allow them, down the sidewalk. The raindrops scream down like missiles released from a flying bomber, exploding into a thousand pieces on impact with the floor. The old men at their tables scramble for cover, their cards lay strewn across the playing surface. A man with a cigarette above his right ear and tattoos covering his bare arms bends over and turns up the volume on the stereo on the steps leading up to the front door, as though in a trance the group resting on the stairs all nod their heads to the beat. An attractive woman with swirling brown eyes and runs up the street with her coat over her chocolaty brown flowing hair, but stops in mid-step to turn around, the group, now standing under the door arch to escape the cascading rain, all turn their necks round to look down the bottom of the road. A tall sinister looking man with a hood covering his head rides a bicycle held together with bits of peeling sticky tape down the middle of the flooded road. Suddenly he slams on his rusted brakes and swings the bike round, so he can also look down the road. The b... ... I was allowed to attend my cousin's funeral, even though I was in custody the whole time. But something was said at the funeral, which never left me. Carmella, in all black stood at the front of a group of large, well dressed Italians, all in a sombre mood. She cleared her throat, and with tears streaming down her face, told me a story I will never forget. "In the vast deep blue sea, there was a wave. This wave was a young wave and did not care for much except for cruising through the water. One day, the young wave looked over the heads of the older waves in front and saw them all crashing on the shore. He started to get frightened, until and older wave in front of him turned around and said "I know your trouble young one, you spent so much time being a wave. You forgot your just part of the ocean"".

Physics of Billiards :: physics pool billiards

The Physics of Billiards Newton's Laws First Law: An object at rest stays at rest. If it is moving, the object will continue to move with the same velocity. Second Law: The net force on an object is equal to the product of the objects mass and its acceleration. (F = ma) Once the cue ball begins to roll there are no net external forces acting in the two-ball system; therefore the a must be = 0. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. If acceleration is 0 there is no change in velocity. When the two balls collide the only forces acting are internal and they do not affect the net force. This means that the center of mass of the system continues to move forward with the same velocity and direction after the collision. Third Law: When two objects interact, the forces acting on them from each other are always equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. Collisions Elastic: The Kinetic Energy of the system is conserved after the collision. Ex. The collision of a cue ball with an object ball. Head on: The Kinetic energy of the cue ball is transferred almost entirely to the object ball with a small amount of energy lost in sound. The two object system is closed and isolated so linear momentum is conserved and the collision is elastic so the kinetic energy is conserved. The balls are equal in mass so: m1v1i = m1v1f + m2v2f (linear momentum) Â ½ m1v1i2 = Â ½ m1v1f2 + Â ½ m2v2f2 (kinetic energy) v1f = [(m1 - m2)/(m1 + m2)] v1i v2f = [2m1/(m1 + m2)] v1i If m1 = m2, the above equations reduce to v1f = 0 and v2f = v1i Basically the cue ball is initially moving, stops suddenly when it hits the object ball at initially at rest which after the collision takes off with the initial speed of the cue ball. After Collision Rolling A rolling object has two types of kinetic energy. Rotational Energy: Â ½ Icomw2

Early childhood education Essay

Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel (1782-1852) was a German educator born in Oberweisbach. He is known as the founder of â€Å"Kindergarten† and was one of the most influential educational reformers of the 19th century. Froebel had a difficult childhood. His mother died when he was still young, and his father, a pastor, and stepmother neglected to care for him. Finally, an uncle took over his care and ensured that he receive a high school education. It was there that young Froebel grew up with a love for nature and strong Christian faith, which led him to seek happiness and unity in all things. Froebel’s faith also led him to think as an educationalist. Froebel studied at the University of Jena for a short time. In 1805, while studying architecture in Frankfurt, he was persuaded to become a teacher by the model school at Frankfurt. He then studied with Pestalozzi at Yverdon, before returning to the University of Gottigen and Berlin in Germany. Froebel believed that there was something missing in Pestalozzi’s theory- the ‘spiritual mechanism’. According to Froebel, this was the basis of early childhood education. â€Å"Pestalozzi takes man existing only in appearance on earth,† he said, â€Å"but I take man in his eternal being, in his eternal existence. † (Shapiro, 1983, p. 20. ) Froebel took a break from studying to join the army for a year from 1813-1814. Afterwards, he received a position at the mineralogical museum in the University of Berlin. Two years later, he founded a school at Greisheim (which later mover to Keilau) which he called the Universal German Educational Institute. It was there that he taught his methods to other teachers. Froebel opened the first Kindergarten in the year of 1837 in Bad Blankenburg. Later, he also founded a Kindergarten training school at Liebenstein. Froebel felt that children, like plants in a garden, need to be cared for and shielded from outside influences. Froeble believed that children need to imitate a teacher’s values and morals. Therefore, teachers need to be respected, receptive, and easily approachable. Among Froebel’s subordinates, however, there were constant disputes, which he was unable to control. He encountered more problems when the Prussian government did not approve of his ideas. In 1851, an edict was issued, which forbade the establishment of Kindergartens. This decree was repealed almost 10 years later- in 1860. Froebel was not alive at that time and had no idea of the impact he left on the school system worldwide, and especially in the United States. The philosophers of his times, Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814) and Friedrich Wilhelm Schelling (1775-1854), also influenced Froebel’s educational ideas. He placed an emphasis on self-activity, physical training, and pleasant surroundings in the development of children. His most important work was the book he wrote in 1826 called Menschenerziehung (tr. The Education of Man, 1877). References: Lilley, Irene M. , (1967). Friedrich Froebel: A Selection from His Writings. Kilpatrick, William H. , (1916). Froebel’s Kindergarten Principles Critically Examined. Retrieved from http://www. uv. es/EBRIT/micro/micro_221_12. html Froebel, Friedrich. (1896). The Education of Man, trans. W. H. Hailman. New York: Appleton. Retrieved from http://www. answers. com/topic/friedrich-wilhelm-august-fr-bel.

The Help (Kathryn Stockett) Important Character

The Help written by Kathryn Stockett is a beautiful but shocking look into the racism towards coloured maids in Jackson Mississippi during the 1960's. An important character who helped to develop much of the plot-line is Hilly Hilbrook. Hilly becomes an important character through her talent for nasty gossip, her power over people and the insecurities she has about herself . She somehow manages to still seem cute and innocent and is described as, † One a those grown lady's that still dress like a little girl with big bows and matching hats and such. She ain't my favourite. † The main reason Hilly becomes such an unforgettable villain is because of her talent for gossip. Part of Hilly's personality is her ability to make people listen and once that happens, (even if its only whispered ), it spreads through the town like wildfire. â€Å"She give one a her little ‘a-hems'; she got this way a clearing her throat real delicate-like that get everybodies attention without them even knowin she made em do it†. I think this is also something that people can easily relate to, especially at High School where instances like this happen every day, with a horrible after affect. There is one character in particular who gets the sting in tail of Hilly's gossip and that character is Minny Jackson, known as ‘the best cook in Mississippi. † The only reason she isn't the most popular choice for someone looking to hire a maid is because of Hilly spreading vicious rumours. Hilly wanted Minny to work for her, so she falsely spread it round town that Minny stole from Hilly's mother who was Minny's old employer, causing everyone to turn their noses up when Minny applied for a job, therefore forcing her back to Hilly. Hilly makes all the rules. If she has something, then everyone else wants that something too – † Hilly was the first of the girls to have a baby, and it must have come out of her like the forth commandent, because once Hilly had one, all them other girls had to have one too. † She started the â€Å"Home help Sanitation Initiative' that required white houses to have a separate bathroom for the black help, ‘as a disease-preventative measure. ‘ One of her closest followers knew she couldn't afford it, but in order not to issappoint Hilly, pulled money out of her daughter's college fund in order to pay for the new bathroom. Hilly is terrified of losing her status and her title as top dog – ‘Chairman of the Jackson Junior League' . Her fear rules her life so in turn rules everybody elses. The hero of the story wants to be a writer, so she writes a book about their town from the maids point of view. In the book some awful things are written abou t Hilly that are for the first half of the book simply referred to as â€Å"the terrible alful' committed by Minny who was seeking revenge once she knew Hilly had beaten her. Hilly knows that this would completely destroy her reputation if anyone ever figured out it was about her. This causes her to use all her power to try and convince everybody that â€Å"the book is not about Jackson! † The Character of Hilly is made memorable through Kathryn Stockett unique style of writing. She allows the reader to visualise the town of Jackson with all it's colourful characters, of which Hilly was one of the most vivid.

A Study of the Cultural Imperialism Theory Essay

ABSTRACT This paper explores the validity of the Cultural Imperialism Theory which says the Western culture has dominated the cultures of developing Nations. It examines to what extent and how the Western world in the real sense has dominated the developing countries. The study further examined the means through which the developing countries are being dominated culturally by the Western culture. The paper further looked at both the negative and the positive effects of cultural imperialism. It concluded that though the western world is succeeding in eroding the culture of developing countries and Nigeria as a study, Nigeria as a Nation should put on some safety belt in safeguarding our heritage. INTRODUCTION Culture is the way of life of a set of people. It encompasses the knowledge, ideas, beliefs, values, standards, and sentiments prevalent in the group. According to Charles A. Ellwood, an American Sociologist, culture is the â€Å"collective name for all behavior patterns socially acquired and socially transmitted by means of symbols†. Dare A., defines Culture as the collectivity of human activities and general principles that tend to guide ideas of a group of people with shared traditions (general acceptability), which are passed on, instilled into generation (socialization) and reinvigorated by members of the group (sustainability) while Imperialism as defined by The Dictionary of Human Geography is the creation and maintenance of an unequal economic, cultural and territorial relationship, usually between states and often in the form of an empire, based on domination and subordination The Theorist of Cultural Imperialism theory, Herb Schiller postulated that Western nations dominate the media around the world which in return has a powerful effect on Third World Cultures by means of imposing on them, western views thereby destroying their native cultures Western Civilization produces the majority of the media (film, news, comics, etc.) because they have the money to do so. The rest of the world purchases those productions because it is cheaper for them to do so rather than produce their own. Therefore, Third World countries are watching media filled with the Western world’s way of living, believing, and thinking. The third world cultures then start to want and do the same things in their countries and destroy their own culture. In cultural Imperialism theory, the key words are culture and imperialism. According to Anaeto G., Onabajo, O. and Osifeso, J. (2008), they wrote that â€Å"the western countries are technologically developed in television and motion programmes and developing countries that are not technologically developed depend on the programmes from the developed countries. This means that the programmes from the developed counties which portray their culture will be imbibed by the developing nations. This western culture now dominates our local culture simply because we are consuming their mass media messages†. The assumptions of the theory according to Schiller, H., are classified into three namely 1. Ontological Assumptions 2. Epistemological Assumptions 3. Axiological Assumptions 1. Ontological Assumptions This theory says that humans do not have the free will to chose how they feel, act, think, and live. They react to what they see on television because there is nothing else to compare it to besides their own lives, usually portrayed as less than what it should be. 2. Epistemological Assumptions This theory explains that there is one truth and no matter what that truth never going to change. As long as Third World countries continue to air Western Civilization’s programs then the third world countries will always believe they should act, feel, think, and live as Western Civilizations act, feel, think, and live. 3. Axiological Assumptions This theory is value-neutral and objective. It does not matter what beliefs the people of Third World may already hold, the television programs from the Western World will communicate the same message and affect them in the same way. CRITIQUES OF THEORY The critiques of the Cultural Imperialism theory came up with scientific theory which counter-argued the theory with the following responses: Explanatory Power: It explains what happens when one group of people with their own ideas sends messages through the media to a different group of people. Predictive Power: It predicts that Third World countries’ culture will be destroyed and the people will identify with Western views. Parsimony: We can see a direct linear path from sender to receiver through the media channels and then watch the effects. Falsifiability: The theory could be proved false should the Third World countries not be affected by Western media and they do not lose their culture. E.G â€Å"Under the intriguing title Seducing the French (1993), Richard F.Kuisel concedes that the French underwent a process of Americanization. But at the same time, they succeeded in defending their â€Å"Frenchness.† French consumers found some American products appealing but they also continued to cherish and idealize French national identity, notably the idea of a superior French high culture.† Internal Consistency: There is a logical flow of events and consequences within the theory. Heuristic Provocativeness: This theory could lead to new hypotheses such as which cultures are affected more than others (if any) or whether low context differ in the reception of messages compared top high context cultures? Organizing Power: This fits with what we already know about differences between Western civilization and Third World countries. Another example the critique stated is that â€Å"if an International Broadcast station shows a video depicting Nigerians as corrupt, dangerous and malnourished, should someone in Nigeria watch this the Western stereotype of Nigerians, and not affected by it, the theory have been proved false†. John, T., further argues that Cultural imperialism consists of the spread of modernity. It is a process of cultural loss and not of cultural expansion. There never were groups of conspirators who attempted to spread any particular culture. Instead, global technological and economic progress and integration reduced the importance of national culture. Therefore, it is misleading to put the blame for a global development on any one culture. The notion of imperialism that is, purposeful cultural conquest is irrelevant; instead, all countries, regardless of whether they are located in the northern or southern hemisphere, are victims of a worldwide cultural change MODES OF CULTURAL IMPERIALISM Tracing world history all through the era of colonialism, there have been histories of cultural imperialism which will seem the only way to explain the popularity of the very-British game cricket in all countries that once served as British colonies. Invasion of a country most often doesn’t end with an invasion of the geographical territories within the political boundaries alone. Religious and cultural invasion are often inseparable parts of a political conquest. It’s much easier to rule if your subjects share the same religious and cultural platforms as the invaders? The cultural imperialism theory is founded upon the premises of imposing the influences and beliefs of the stronger culture (the invaders) upon the weaker or more submissive culture (the invaded). How does this cultural Imperialism take place? Dare A., states that Cultural imperialism takes place when one culture overtakes another in such a way that the latter ends up following a significant number of values, traditions, beliefs and influences of the former either completely or in a way merges the influences of the dominating culture with those of its own. Such a cultural invasion can either be active or passive. In its active form, the dominant culture forcefully imposes its cultural influences upon the dominated culture. This is a dynamic phenomenon where the subordinate culture is compelled to adopt the ways of the invaders. The passive form is when one culture (not necessarily subordinate) voluntarily embraces the influences and traditions of another culture. Here, the dominant culture makes little or no forceful efforts in imposing its cultural ideals upon another but the latter gets influenced as a consequence of its receptivity to the former’s cultural impacts. The passive form of cultural imperialism is what largely takes place today. Cultural imperialism can also occur due to the significant commercial relations between two countries. A country heavily importing products and services of another country may get significantly influenced by the exporting country’s lifestyle attributes and social values. We can see this phenomenon in the form of Westernization of a number of Eastern countries. This is a type of passive cultural imperialism as the receiving culture adopts the foreign values without perceiving the fact that they are, in fact, becoming slaves of a foreign culture. WORLD EXAMPLES OF CULTURAL IMPERIALISM English Cultural Imperialism English cultural imperialism has been rife in the history of cultural imperialism. Latin which has the Church’s official language to popularizing its national game all across its colonies was changed to English. The British Empire left no stone unturned to make sure that its subjects adhered to its cultural idiosyncrasies even decades after ceasing to be its subjects. The fact that Cricket is among the top ten most popular sports around the world with an estimated 3 billion fan following, especially in countries like Australia, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom, New Zealand and certain African and Caribbean countries proves the strength of the English cultural imperialism. It is also a known fact that English is the third most spoken language after Mandarin and Spanish. Decades of dominion and repressive policies towards Tibet, Taiwan and various other neighboring regions by China has had a significant influence upon the religion and culture of these regions. The aggressive promotion of a standardized Chinese language across Mainland China and Taiwan indicates towards an attempted cultural imperialism aimed at overtaking regional dialects in these areas. Also, the fact that most traditional aspects of the Chinese culture pertaining to religious beliefs, festivals and social norms significantly inundate the socio cultural edifices of various Oriental countries indicate towards strongly existing cultural imperialism. The most widespread and still continuing instance of cultural imperialism can be seen in the form of Americanization. This is mostly due to the multitudes of commercial relationships the United States holds with a large number of countries in all parts of the world. This is definitely passive cultural imperialism and the countries that are most affected are those that have voluntarily adopted the stereotyped American lifestyle values and specific cultural aspects CULTURAL IMPERIALISM IN NIGERIA The Issue of Sagging Sagging has become the latest phenomenon among the male youths today in Nigeria. It is what is in vogue; if you have not exposed the lower part of your private, you belong to the old school system. What is sagging and where did it come from? According to Greg, M., sagging was adopted from the United States prison system where belts are prohibited. Belts are sometimes prohibited to keep prisoners from using them as weapons or in committing suicide by hanging themselves. The style was later popularized by hip-hop artists in the 1990s. It has since become a symbol of freedom and cultural awareness among some youths or a symbol of their rejection of the values of mainstream society. Jails are typically state run institutions. What usually happens is the state will order a set number of inmate uniforms. These uniforms are usually in general sizes like small, medium and large; making them ill-fitting for most inmates. When a medium sized inmate comes in and there are no remaining medium uniforms this inmate will receive a large instead. Prisoners are not allowed to have shoe laces or belts for fear they’d use them to kill themselves (by way of strangulation or hanging), or as weapons to kill or injure other inmates. The combination of over sized clothing and lack of fastening devices created the perfect storm for falling pants. Many street hungry rappers latched on the dress of their incarcerated friends and family and brought the style to the masses. Thus a new trend was born and Nigerians have fallen into this trend Linguistic Imperialism Language is one of the principal elements in identifying a particular culture and the absence of it makes a culture unidentifiable. It is vital for cultural transmission and preservation. With the gradual loss of our indigenous languages in Nigeria, what culture are we then preserving? Ogwu, M., Agbanu, N. and Ofordile, J. describes Linguistic Imperialism as â€Å"People who can relate with each other only through the medium of communication foisted on them by a former colonist are victims of a peculiar kind of Schizophrenia†. The use of our language is declining in Africa especially Nigeria because we are compelled to embrace Western culture and civilization as Western language. Western language has created a division between an elite and mass of our people who still cannot do business with foreign language. It causes alienation for people who cannot speak English or French. Language is a vehicle of culture; we are in a very serious problem. e.g. â€Å"Professor Babafunwa project on local language as a basic tool of teaching in Nigeria was aborted because of the nature of our country.† Parents also do not encourage their children or wards to speak in their local language as they belief it causes setback in their education. Fashion imperialism You hardly find few of our men, women and the youths who still embrace our cultural mode of dressing. Our people are going ‘gaga’ with the western way of dressing thereby losing their root of African way of dressing. It’s quite unfortunate that when expatriates and tourist who come to Nigeria appreciate our native attire while the owners of the heritage has seen it as something of old school and fashion. Tattoos have also become a common phenomenon. Both the young and old are stamping themselves all over the body with symbolic ‘devilish’ tattoos. Religious Imperialism Most churches in Nigeria today have gone the western way. When you go to some churches today, you marvel at the way some our ladies apparel. The custom of covering of hair has been eroded by the western way; all kinds of dressing are acceptable. The men or young male adults put on all sort of jewels and dress ‘haggardly’. The sense of going to commune with God is lost. EFFECTS OF CULTURAL IMPERIALISM Moral Decadency Through the float of western culture into Nigeria through the advent of technology and globalization, there has been obvious moral decline in Africa and in Nigeria in particular. This moral decadence has permeated almost all spheres of our culture. Moral consciousness has been equated with awkward and odd life styles. According to Oshafu, H., in his article â€Å"Cultural Imperialism†, this resulted due to Africa’s carelessness and failure to hold their culture with high esteem. He added that the moral excellence of African society has over night transformed into moral decay. Elders are no longer respected, our rapid festivals and ceremonies are now seen as â€Å"old school† and we now have children of single parents, a phenomenon that is identifiable with America. People no longer communalize, nobody wants to be anybody’s brother’s keeper. Our mode of dressing has been totally distorted by western civilization through foreign films and media conten t. Today we seem not to have any cultural attire. Our people now prefer to go naked on the streets as against our culture, micro minis with handless tops has this to show. The acculturation of â€Å"blue jean and hamburger† has gradually found it way into young people in African society. The issue of dress code has led to controversies in our high institute in today. Cases of immoral dressing have also gave way to rapid sexual harassment among students and lecturers, bosses and their employees. Raping in our society today came as a result of reckless dressing code by ladies The traditional notion of chastity and virginity have been rendered absurd by pornographic and sleazy materials displayed on screens, distorting sexuality and condoning promiscuity, which has given rise to active homosexuality and lesbianism in our society today. These cases of reckless sex have led to the rapid spread of STD’s particularly, HIV/AIDs in our society today. Innocent children are dying of this disease. They paid dearly for the offence committed by their parents. This is immoral evil militating against the dignity of human person. Increase in Crime Rate With exposure to the western way of life, increase in crime rate is on high. Most of the films we watch on the television set are crime oriented thereby leading to increase in crime rate. In as much as there is positive impact of the television set, the negative aspect outweighs the good part, as the western world is teaching modern ways to crime though the kind of programmes being disseminated, which includes kidnapping, serial killing etc. Look for more points We have scholars who however belief that Cultural Imperialism theory regardless of its negative effect has its positive side. Cultural imperialism they say is not entirely bad as it increases the pace of development in Nigeria and other less developed countries. For example, in the giving away of media products free of charge or selling them at a very low price to these developing nations, the US actually accelerates the growth of the media industry and the advancement in technology, hence increasing the knowledge and skills of the people there. Their actions not only add on to actual growth; the subsequent increase in human capital further boosts potential growth, which is essential for the actual growth to be sustained in the long run. This investment in human capital goes a long way and benefits the country as it strengthens the competitive edge and increases productivity of the workforce. Economic growth is also achieved Even more so, being a developing nation, Nigeria would not have had the latest technology available to produce media products; it is only through the provision of the American companies that they are able to obtain state-of-the-art equipment. The advocacy of production of local-helmed programs would thus further enhance American influence on the nation. Despite government efforts to hinder cultural imperialism, they cannot completely eliminate the impacts of this influence as American media products have already found their way into the market and become a part of Nigeria’s media production efforts. They need such â€Å"interference† in order to keep their media industry alive WAY FORWARD Long Term Investment in the Development of our Mass Media One way cultural imperialism spreads is through the mass media. The local media imports foreign materials because it is cheaper than having to produce local indigenous content. An example of this issue is that indigenous journalists have to learn to transcribe and rewrite news by foreign news agencies rather than source for their own stories. Sometimes even rewriting local stories covered by the foreign news agencies. Our government and private investors should invest heavily in our local media and encourage the development of indigenous content that will reflect our culture, values, promote our languages etc. Media products like movies, news, music, advertising etc should be regulated to avoid the influx of foreign content. This is where organizations like the Nigerian Broadcasting Service come in. They should develop stronger laws and be strict in its enforcement of the laws such as the 60/40% rule (60% indigenous, 40% foreign). If the indigenous media products are of high quality, the citizens will be encouraged to consume them. This is so because a lot of people give the low quality of the products (movies, music, adverts, news etc) as reasons for not consuming them. If Nigerians consume indigenous media products, it will reflect in every area of our lives (culturally that is). An example is what is happening in the Nigerian music industry,. Because of the increase in local content in our music, it is now becoming acceptable and even encouraged to sing in our indigenous languages(Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo etc), dress in our native attires most especially Ankara and wear our national colors. There has been a rise in the popularity of Pidgin English as opposed to just speaking plain English. Also the teaching of our indigenous languages should be encouraged in our schools. All primary and secondary schools should be encouraged to teach at least one Nigerian language at all classes especially in the minority regions of the country where the minority languages are in danger of becoming extinct. Parents should further speak their native dialect with their wards or children to aid them to be conversant in their local dialect. Young adults today see it as a taboo or as inferiority complex speaking in their local dialect; â€Å"it does not sound ‘tush’ rather local† parents more importantly should be more watchful and observant in the kind of foreign stations their children tune to for their programmes as â€Å"media has become the primary means by which many of us experience or learn about many aspects of the world around us† Stanley and Dennis, 5th edition,p.200). With the presence of technology, access to International broadcast station is at the tip of the hand, we have cables surrounding us and with just a remote control, you can be anywhere in the world learning and assimilating what is been impressed on you. As such supervision is needed to regulate what is been watched. Parents should devout time for their children while they are still young as most of the western values tend to catch them while they are still young just as the â€Å"catch them young phrase†. Another solution is to try to export our own culture as this will help in boosting tourism in Nigeria. We should conscious try to sell and promote our media products to the rest of the world. This will improve our image globally and help foreigners understand our culture, values, cuisine better. I would like to say at this point that we should not consume wholly indiginous media products. A little foreign content is still advisable as there has been some good aspects of cultural imperialism such as technological and educational advancement, political structure (democracy), eradication of some harmful practices like the killing of twins etc. We should take a balanced approach, like an 80 (indigenous))/20% (foreign). CONLUSION As a result of globalization and technological advancement, the western world has succeeded in dominating the third world countries. This notwithstanding should not be an excuse for Nigerians and other third world countries to be subjugated by the western world. Nigerian as a nation should fight cultural imperialism and fight back for our lost culture. One way by which this could be done is through Long Term Investment in the Development of our Mass Media as it is the major means by which cultural imperialism spreads. The local media imports foreign materials because it is cheaper than having to produce local indigenous content. An example of this issue is that indigenous journalists have to learn to transcribe and rewrite news by foreign news agencies rather than source for their own stories. Sometimes even rewriting local stories covered by the foreign news agencies. Our government and private investors should invest heavily in our local media and encourage the development of indigenous content that will reflect our culture, values, promote our languages etc. REFERENCES Anaeto, S. G., Onabajo, O. S. and Osifeso, J. B. (2008). Models and Theories of Communication. African Renaissance Books Incorporated. Dare, A., (2010). The Effects of Western Civilization and Culture on Africa. Afro Asian Journal of Social Sciences (1/1) Quarter IV Grifin, E. (2000). A first look at communication theory. (4th edition). Boston, MA: McGraw- Hill Littlejohn, S. W. (1999). Theories of human communication (6th edition). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Oshafu H. U. Cultural Imperialism. Accessed from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/culturalimperialism-examples.html on 12/11/2012. Ogwu, M., Agbanu, N., and Ofordile, J. (December, 2010). â€Å"Sustaining Cultural Values Through the Promotion of Indigenous Languages in Nigeria† Journal of Communication and Culture: International Perspective. (1/3), pp 76 Schiller, H. I. (1976). Communication and Cultural Domination. Armonk, NY: International Arts and Sciences Press. Accessed online on 29/10/2012. Critics of cultural imperialism theory. Encyclopedia of the New American Nation available Accessed at http://www.americanforeignrelations.com on 29/10/2012